Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): An Overview
At D9 Therapy, located in dublin, we can help you cope with OCD. Have a look at our therapists and book an appointment today.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental rituals (compulsions) performed to reduce anxiety. It can be distressing and time-consuming, often interfering with daily life.
Common Symptoms of OCD
Obsessions (Intrusive Thoughts)
These are repetitive, distressing thoughts, images, or urges that cause anxiety. Common obsessions include:
- Fear of contamination (e.g., germs, dirt)
- Fear of harming oneself or others (even if unintended)
- Excessive concern about order, symmetry, or exactness
- Unwanted taboo thoughts (violent, sexual, or religious in nature)
- Fear of making mistakes or forgetting something important
Compulsions (Repetitive Behaviors or Mental Acts)
These are actions performed to reduce anxiety caused by obsessions. Common compulsions include:
- Excessive handwashing or cleaning
- Checking (e.g., doors, appliances, or locks)
- Counting, tapping, or repeating words mentally
- Arranging objects in a precise way
- Seeking reassurance from others
Causes and Risk Factors
OCD is believed to be caused by a combination of:
- Genetics – Family history increases risk.
- Brain Chemistry – Differences in serotonin levels and activity in certain brain regions.
- Life Experiences – Trauma, stress, or strict upbringing can contribute.
Treatment Options
1. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
- Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP): The most effective treatment, ERP involves gradually exposing a person to their fears without engaging in compulsions.
- Cognitive Restructuring: Helps challenge irrational beliefs about obsessions.
2. Medication
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Like fluoxetine, sertraline, and fluvoxamine, which help regulate serotonin.
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): Like clomipramine, sometimes used for OCD.
3. Lifestyle and Alternative Approaches
- Mindfulness & Meditation – Helps reduce the emotional intensity of obsessions.
- Regular Exercise – Can improve mood and reduce stress-related triggers.
- Support Groups & Therapy – Connecting with others facing similar struggles can help.